Hi All I am using RAK7243C in AS-1 region which is successfully able to connect with The Things Network (TTN) cloud. However it’s not showing any live data coming from my Node, I can’t observe anything relevant to my node in gateway syslog as well. Can someone please help, below are the details:
I made an application with information as in the picture below in TTN:
Now, I am using whisper Node LoRa (Atmega328 + RFM95) to publish LoRa data. The library I am using is MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library-4.1.1. I had made an Arduino program as pasted below with its serial output mentioned after it:
Arduino Program:
/*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2015 Thomas Telkamp and Matthijs Kooijman
* Copyright (c) 2018 Terry Moore, MCCI
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to anyone
* obtaining a copy of this document and accompanying files,
* to do whatever they want with them without any restriction,
* including, but not limited to, copying, modification and redistribution.
* NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND IS PROVIDED.
*
* This example sends a valid LoRaWAN packet with payload "Hello,
* world!", using frequency and encryption settings matching those of
* the The Things Network.
*
* This uses ABP (Activation-by-personalisation), where a DevAddr and
* Session keys are preconfigured (unlike OTAA, where a DevEUI and
* application key is configured, while the DevAddr and session keys are
* assigned/generated in the over-the-air-activation procedure).
*
* Note: LoRaWAN per sub-band duty-cycle limitation is enforced (1% in
* g1, 0.1% in g2), but not the TTN fair usage policy (which is probably
* violated by this sketch when left running for longer)!
*
* To use this sketch, first register your application and device with
* the things network, to set or generate a DevAddr, NwkSKey and
* AppSKey. Each device should have their own unique values for these
* fields.
*
* Do not forget to define the radio type correctly in
* arduino-lmic/project_config/lmic_project_config.h or from your BOARDS.txt.
*
*******************************************************************************/
// References:
// [feather] adafruit-feather-m0-radio-with-lora-module.pdf
#include <lmic.h>
#include <hal/hal.h>
#include <SPI.h>
//
// For normal use, we require that you edit the sketch to replace FILLMEIN
// with values assigned by the TTN console. However, for regression tests,
// we want to be able to compile these scripts. The regression tests define
// COMPILE_REGRESSION_TEST, and in that case we define FILLMEIN to a non-
// working but innocuous value.
//
#ifdef COMPILE_REGRESSION_TEST
# define FILLMEIN 0
#else
# warning "You must replace the values marked FILLMEIN with real values from the TTN control panel!"
# define FILLMEIN (#dont edit this, edit the lines that use FILLMEIN)
#endif
// LoRaWAN NwkSKey, network session key
// This should be in big-endian (aka msb).
static const PROGMEM u1_t NWKSKEY[16] = {0xAF,0x2C,0xA5,0x74,0x91,0x9B,0x4C,0x52,0x89,0xE0,0xF3,0x7E,0x98,0x61,0x6D,0x47};
// LoRaWAN AppSKey, application session key
// This should also be in big-endian (aka msb).
static const u1_t PROGMEM APPSKEY[16] = {0xCF,0x7E,0x36,0x31,0x97,0x16,0x8A,0x54,0x7F,0xC2,0xA9,0xF2,0xEC,0x72,0x36,0xC9};
// LoRaWAN end-device address (DevAddr)
// See http://thethingsnetwork.org/wiki/AddressSpace
// The library converts the address to network byte order as needed, so this should be in big-endian (aka msb) too.
static const u4_t DEVADDR = 0x260DAE15 ; // <-- Change this address for every node!
// These callbacks are only used in over-the-air activation, so they are
// left empty here (we cannot leave them out completely unless
// DISABLE_JOIN is set in arduino-lmic/project_config/lmic_project_config.h,
// otherwise the linker will complain).
void os_getArtEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { }
static uint8_t mydata[] = "a";
static osjob_t sendjob;
// Schedule TX every this many seconds (might become longer due to duty
// cycle limitations).
const unsigned TX_INTERVAL = 5000;
// Pin mapping
// Adapted for Feather M0 per p.10 of [feather]
const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
.nss = 10, // chip select on feather (rf95module) CS
.rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN,
.rst = 7, // reset pin
.dio = {2, A2, A3}, // assumes external jumpers [feather_lora_jumper]
// DIO1 is on JP1-1: is io1 - we connect to GPO6
// DIO1 is on JP5-3: is D2 - we connect to GPO5
};
void onEvent (ev_t ev) {
Serial.print(os_getTime());
Serial.print(": ");
switch(ev) {
case EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT:
Serial.println(F("EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_FOUND:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_FOUND"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_MISSED:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_MISSED"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_TRACKED:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_TRACKED"));
break;
case EV_JOINING:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOINING"));
break;
case EV_JOINED:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOINED"));
break;
/*
|| This event is defined but not used in the code. No
|| point in wasting codespace on it.
||
|| case EV_RFU1:
|| Serial.println(F("EV_RFU1"));
|| break;
*/
case EV_JOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOIN_FAILED"));
break;
case EV_REJOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println(F("EV_REJOIN_FAILED"));
break;
case EV_TXCOMPLETE:
Serial.println(F("EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)"));
if (LMIC.txrxFlags & TXRX_ACK)
Serial.println(F("Received ack"));
if (LMIC.dataLen) {
Serial.println(F("Received "));
Serial.println(LMIC.dataLen);
Serial.println(F(" bytes of payload"));
}
// Schedule next transmission
os_setTimedCallback(&sendjob, os_getTime()+sec2osticks(TX_INTERVAL), do_send);
break;
case EV_LOST_TSYNC:
Serial.println(F("EV_LOST_TSYNC"));
break;
case EV_RESET:
Serial.println(F("EV_RESET"));
break;
case EV_RXCOMPLETE:
// data received in ping slot
Serial.println(F("EV_RXCOMPLETE"));
break;
case EV_LINK_DEAD:
Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_DEAD"));
break;
case EV_LINK_ALIVE:
Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_ALIVE"));
break;
/*
|| This event is defined but not used in the code. No
|| point in wasting codespace on it.
||
|| case EV_SCAN_FOUND:
|| Serial.println(F("EV_SCAN_FOUND"));
|| break;
*/
case EV_TXSTART:
Serial.println(F("EV_TXSTART"));
break;
case EV_TXCANCELED:
Serial.println(F("EV_TXCANCELED"));
break;
case EV_RXSTART:
/* do not print anything -- it wrecks timing */
break;
case EV_JOIN_TXCOMPLETE:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOIN_TXCOMPLETE: no JoinAccept"));
break;
default:
Serial.print(F("Unknown event: "));
Serial.println((unsigned) ev);
break;
}
}
void do_send(osjob_t* j){
// Check if there is not a current TX/RX job running
if (LMIC.opmode & OP_TXRXPEND) {
Serial.println(F("OP_TXRXPEND, not sending"));
} else {
// Prepare upstream data transmission at the next possible time.
LMIC_setTxData2(1, mydata, sizeof(mydata)-1, 0);
Serial.println(F("Packet queued"));
}
// Next TX is scheduled after TX_COMPLETE event.
}
void setup() {
// pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
while (!Serial); // wait for Serial to be initialized
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(100); // per sample code on RF_95 test
Serial.println(F("Starting"));
#ifdef VCC_ENABLE
// For Pinoccio Scout boards
pinMode(VCC_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(VCC_ENABLE, HIGH);
delay(1000);
#endif
// LMIC init
os_init();
// Reset the MAC state. Session and pending data transfers will be discarded.
LMIC_reset();
// Set static session parameters. Instead of dynamically establishing a session
// by joining the network, precomputed session parameters are be provided.
#ifdef PROGMEM
// On AVR, these values are stored in flash and only copied to RAM
// once. Copy them to a temporary buffer here, LMIC_setSession will
// copy them into a buffer of its own again.
uint8_t appskey[sizeof(APPSKEY)];
uint8_t nwkskey[sizeof(NWKSKEY)];
memcpy_P(appskey, APPSKEY, sizeof(APPSKEY));
memcpy_P(nwkskey, NWKSKEY, sizeof(NWKSKEY));
LMIC_setSession (0x13, DEVADDR, nwkskey, appskey);
#else
// If not running an AVR with PROGMEM, just use the arrays directly
LMIC_setSession (0x13, DEVADDR, NWKSKEY, APPSKEY);
#endif
#if defined(CFG_eu868)
// Set up the channels used by the Things Network, which corresponds
// to the defaults of most gateways. Without this, only three base
// channels from the LoRaWAN specification are used, which certainly
// works, so it is good for debugging, but can overload those
// frequencies, so be sure to configure the full frequency range of
// your network here (unless your network autoconfigures them).
// Setting up channels should happen after LMIC_setSession, as that
// configures the minimal channel set. The LMIC doesn't let you change
// the three basic settings, but we show them here.
LMIC_setupChannel(0, 923200000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(1, 923400000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7B), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(2, 922200000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(3, 922400000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(4, 922600000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(5, 922800000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(6, 923000000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(7, 922000000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(8, 922100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_FSK, DR_FSK), BAND_MILLI); // g2-band
// TTN defines an additional channel at 869.525Mhz using SF9 for class B
// devices' ping slots. LMIC does not have an easy way to define set this
// frequency and support for class B is spotty and untested, so this
// frequency is not configured here.
#elif defined(CFG_us915) || defined(CFG_au915)
// NA-US and AU channels 0-71 are configured automatically
// but only one group of 8 should (a subband) should be active
// TTN recommends the second sub band, 1 in a zero based count.
// https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/gateway-conf/blob/master/US-global_conf.json
LMIC_selectSubBand(1);
#elif defined(CFG_as923)
// Set up the channels used in your country. Only two are defined by default,
// and they cannot be changed. Use BAND_CENTI to indicate 1% duty cycle.
// LMIC_setupChannel(0, 923200000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI);
// LMIC_setupChannel(1, 923400000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI);
// ... extra definitions for channels 2..n here
#elif defined(CFG_kr920)
// Set up the channels used in your country. Three are defined by default,
// and they cannot be changed. Duty cycle doesn't matter, but is conventionally
// BAND_MILLI.
// LMIC_setupChannel(0, 922100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// LMIC_setupChannel(1, 922300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// LMIC_setupChannel(2, 922500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// ... extra definitions for channels 3..n here.
#elif defined(CFG_in866)
// Set up the channels used in your country. Three are defined by default,
// and they cannot be changed. Duty cycle doesn't matter, but is conventionally
// BAND_MILLI.
// LMIC_setupChannel(0, 865062500, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// LMIC_setupChannel(1, 865402500, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// LMIC_setupChannel(2, 865985000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_MILLI);
// ... extra definitions for channels 3..n here.
#else
# error Region not supported
#endif
// Disable link check validation
LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);
// TTN uses SF9 for its RX2 window.
LMIC.dn2Dr = DR_SF9;
// Set data rate and transmit power for uplink
LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF7,14);
// Start job
do_send(&sendjob);
}
void loop() {
unsigned long now;
now = millis();
if ((now & 512) != 0) {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
os_runloop_once();
}
Serial output:
Starting
8515: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
139219: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
452198: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
582908: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
895888: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
1026597: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
1339665: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
1470378: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
1783360: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
1914073: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
2227058: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
2357773: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
2670755: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
2801468: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
3114532: EV_TXSTART
Packet queued
3245245: EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)
3558228: EV_TXSTART
In case someone know how to resolve the issue, then please advise.
Thank you.
PS: Since, RAK7243C supports * Full LoRaWAN Stack support (version 1.0.2), I have made few changes as recommended in MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library-4.1.1’ libraries readme.:
Selecting V1.0.2
In project_config/lmic_project_config.h, add:
#define LMIC_LORAWAN_SPEC_VERSION LMIC_LORAWAN_SPEC_VERSION_1_0_2
On your compiler command line, add:
-D LMIC_LORAWAN_SPEC_VERSION=LMIC_LORAWAN_SPEC_VERSION_1_0_2